Types of enzyme deficiency and types of supplements
Enzyme deficiency is a serious topic. When a body lacks certain enzymes, its ability to recover from injury, debilitating illness or stress, as is the case with any strength training, is hindered. Rapid recovery is directly related to the number and activity of enzymes in the body.
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What is enzyme deficiency?
Factors such as old age, illness, diet, stress, injury, digestive and genetic problems can seriously affect enzyme synthesis and activity. Some people cannot consume aspartame (a sweetener that is widely used in soft drinks in Bulgaria) because their body is deficient in the enzyme phenylalanine hydrolase (they suffer from phenylketonuria). Due to this deficiency, phenylalanine, which is a component of aspartame, cannot be broken down and accumulates in the blood, which can lead to irreversible and severe consequences.
Similarly, some people suffer from the so-called. lactose intolerance – they lack the enzyme lactase and therefore they cannot absorb lactose from milk, where it passes unchanged through the small intestine and goes to the large intestine, where the natural microorganisms inhabiting the large intestine break it down by releasing unpleasant-smelling gases. . The formation of free radicals is another sign of low levels of some enzymes and this is symptomatically expressed by skin wrinkling, slow recovery or disease.
You’ve probably heard of some enzymes known as antioxidants, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione, peroxidase, which help the body get rid of free radicals and thus keep it toned. On the other hand, not all enzyme deficiencies present with clinical symptoms, and for this reason many of us have a tone below the optimal one, sometimes due to a deficiency of only one type of enzyme in our body.
To find out if you may be deficient in an enzyme, the first thing you need to pay attention to is your digestion. Indigestion, stomach pain, flatulence, etc. are all symptoms suggestive of a possible enzyme deficiency. Some foods, such as beans, are more difficult to digest than others, and when not properly digested, they remain in the intestines and begin to rot. Sometimes enzyme deficiency can be overcome by taking enzyme supplements, other times not.
Combination in the use and treatment with enzymes
Due to the huge variety of types of enzymes and substrates on which they act, the wide range of their optimal acidity and temperature and the increasing activity in their joint action, many supplement manufacturers prefer to create and sell mixtures of different types of enzymes of different origins. For example, enzymes of animal origin “feel” better at temperatures close to body temperature and at neutral or alkaline pH, while enzymes of plant or microbial origin are more active at high temperatures and acidic pH.
In such mixtures, the enzymes can work cooperatively and cover a wide range of acidity, substrate and temperature values, enabling these mixtures to be widely used. There are studies that prove that certain conditions such as acne, allergies, autoimmune diseases, circulatory disorders, infections, inflammation, sports injuries and viral diseases can be treated with enzymes. The body’s response to enzyme treatment depends on the dose, anthropometric characteristics (height, weight, etc.) and the type of condition we want to influence.
Basic enzymes used as an ingredient in enzyme supplements
Most of the enzymes that will be listed can be spotted as an ingredient in some supplements or found in products that you can buy from health food stores.
Alpha-galactosidase / Melibiasis
This enzyme helps break down carbohydrates such as raffinose, stachyose and verbascose. These polysaccharides are commonly found in legumes and cannot be broken down in the small intestine, so they pass into the large intestine. In the large intestine, they serve as an energy source for bacteria, which are natural inhabitants of the large intestine, and in the process of their assimilation, microorganisms emit unpleasant-smelling gases. The enzyme acts by terminal cleavage of 1,6-non-reducing galactosidase residues from poly- and oligosaccharides.
Obviously, this enzyme is used when we want to help our body absorb foods rich in cellulose and other fibers, such as beans and other seeds, and to prevent intestinal discomfort caused by consuming such foods. In food it can be found in cucumbers. Of microbial origin, it is obtained from the fungi Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae.
Amylase (Glycogenase)
This enzyme breaks down (hydrolyses) many carbohydrates such as starch and glycogen and other polysaccharide and oligosaccharide derivatives, breaking them down first into disaccharides and then into monosaccharides such as glucose. People who have problems absorbing fat (such as those who have inflammation or gallstones) tend to increase their carbohydrate intake to cover their energy needs. However, if you overdo it with carbohydrates, you develop amylase deficiency and the symptoms that follow.
Most often this enzyme is isolated from plants and is found in the largest quantities in sweet potatoes (sweet potatoes), rye, wheat, oats, beets, bananas, cabbage, eggs, fresh honey and many other foods. Amylase is often used in combination with other enzymes for digestive problems. It is extracted from bovine and porcine pancreas. The microbial producers of this enzyme are many and varied.
Bromelain (Bromelain)
It is an enzyme that is isolated from pineapple and that supports overall digestion (especially that of protein) and absorption of nutrients. Bromelain has a wide pH (acid) range and can be used as a substitute for pepsin and trypsin if you are found to be deficient in these two enzymes. One side effect of bromelain is its ability to suppress inflammation, reduce swelling and suppress fibrin formation. It can be used to speed recovery from a large number of injuries.
It can also be used therapeutically for respiratory problems such as sore throats, sinusitis and pneumonia, as well as to improve the condition of degenerative joint diseases such as arthritis. Topically applied to skin inflammations. In addition, bromelain suppresses appetite, significantly stimulates the immune system and protects against heart problems. It also improves the absorption of antibiotics. The best source of bromelain is fresh, raw pineapples – used for food or superficially.
Diastasis (Malt diastase)
It is an enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates. It can be found in malt and fresh rye. It must be taken orally.
Invertase (Beta-fructofuranosidase, sucrase)
The substrate for this enzyme is sucrose, or ordinary sugar. It breaks it down, forming almost equal amounts of fructose and glucose. The best sources are potatoes and some microbial producers, such as baker’s yeast of the genus Saccharomyces. It must be taken orally.
Lactase (Beta-galactosidase)
This is the enzyme that people need to break down lactose – the carbohydrate found in milk. The body of people suffering from the so-called. lactose intolerance either does not produce lactase or produces it in very small quantities. On average, about 4% of Europeans and a very large proportion of Asians are lactose intolerant – in general, the earlier a nation has historically started using dairy products, the more likely it is to be lactose intolerant in bulk. of its population. Naturally, this enzyme is used in lactose intolerance.
Lactase can be obtained from bovine liver and from many microbial sources. Through food, it can be obtained through tomatoes, apples, peaches, almonds and milk. It is best taken orally.
Lipase
This enzyme breaks down lipids into glycerol and lower fatty acids and thus helps the body absorb them during digestion, leading to a reduction in fecal fat. In the body, lipase is synthesized by the gastric mucosa and the pancreas. Used for problems with the pancreas. Orally taken lipase acts synergistically with lipase present in the blood and thus increases its action. Lipase can be isolated from beef and pork pancreas, lamb belly, many microbial sources, avocado, wheat germ, rice, corn, coconut, grape seeds and other plants whose seeds have a high oil content.
Maltase
This enzyme is used to aid digestion and acts on maltose and branched carbohydrates. It is found in barley, brewer’s yeast, brown rice, beets, bananas and mushrooms. It is taken orally.
Pancreatin
It is actually a combination of the enzymes trypsin, chymotrypsin, amylase and maltase. Therefore, pancreatin acts on proteins, carbohydrates and fats. It is used in the treatment of poor lipid absorption, pancreatic insufficiency or poisoning after gasteromia. Pancreatin activity may be increased by calcium intake. It is isolated from pork and bovine pancreas. It is best taken orally.
Papain
It is an enzyme similar to chymotrypsin in both action and application, but in contrast it breaks down proteins and other food components such as fats and carbohydrates. It is especially useful in aiding digestion when consuming high-protein foods. It is isolated from papaya. Apart from being a supplement to improve digestion, papain is used to treat celiac disease, pain caused by nematodes, allergies, infections, inflammation, soft tissue injuries, psoriasis, skin diseases, infected wounds, ulcers and to accelerate wound healing.
Phytase
Recent studies have shown that phytase intake can have significant effects on the absorption of divalent ions such as calcium, magnesium and iron in the gut. Phytase is an enzyme that breaks down phytic acid. Due to its chemical nature, negatively charged phytic acid forms insoluble complexes with the above cations, as well as with positively charged proteins, and is therefore often called the “anti-nutritional factor”. Plant phytates (phytic acid) are found in many plants, such as corn and corn products, legumes, soybeans and some other grains.
The use of phytase as an enzyme supplement eliminates the possibility of the formation of such insoluble complexes and thus improves the absorption of macro- and microelements, which are taken with food or through other supplements.
Ficin (Fiacin)
This enzyme acts similarly to papain and breaks down proteins, so it can be used to help digest them. Helps swelling and reduces inflammation. Ficin can be naturally isolated from latex wood and fig wood, but figs can also be good sources. It is taken orally.
Chymotrypsin
It is one of the proteolytic (protein-degrading) enzymes that can reduce swelling and inflammation and block arthritis, as well as aid in overall recovery after surgery. Chymotrypsin is used to treat soft tissue injuries, prolonged and acute injuries, bleeding, various swellings and sports injuries. In animals it can be isolated from bovine or porcine pancreas and can be taken orally, topically or by injection. Extreme caution and caution should be exercised when injecting enzymes, as this can seriously endanger your life.
Cellulase
Many fruits and vegetables contain indigestible fiber. Cellulase is an enzyme that breaks down cellulose, another name for one of these indigestible fibers. Cellulase is used to aid digestion when we have problems with the pancreas and consume large amounts of vegetables and other high-fiber foods. It is found in avocados, peas and many microorganisms. It is taken orally.
what is Enzyme deficiency means
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